Bootstrap5中文教程
Bootstrap5中文教程
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Bootstrap5 下拉菜单

2023-06-26 16:33 更新

下拉菜单是可切换的，是以列表格式显示链接的上下文菜单。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>Dropdowns</h2>
  <p>.dropdown 类用来指定一个下拉菜单。</p>
  <p>.dropdown-menu 类来设置实际下拉菜单。</p>
  <p>我们可以使用一个按钮或链接来打开下拉菜单， 按钮或链接需要添加 .dropdown-toggle 和 data-toggle="dropdown" 属性。</p>                                          
  <div class="dropdown">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">
      下拉菜单按钮
    </button>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 1</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 2</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 3</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

实例解析

.dropdown 类用来指定一个下拉菜单。

我们可以使用一个按钮或链接来打开下拉菜单， 按钮或链接需要添加 .dropdown-toggle 和 data-toggle="dropdown" 属性。

<div> 元素上添加 .dropdown-menu 类来设置实际下拉菜单，然后在下拉菜单的选项中添加 .dropdown-item 类。

下拉菜单中的分割线

.dropdown-divider 类用于在下拉菜单中创建一个水平的分割线：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>下拉菜单中的分割线</h2>
  <p>.dropdown-divider 类用于在下拉菜单中创建一个水平的分割线：</p>                   
  <div class="dropdown">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">
      下拉菜单按钮
    </button>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 1</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 2</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 3</a></li>
	  <li><hr class="dropdown-divider"></li>
	  <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 4</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

下拉菜单中的标题

.dropdown-header 类用于在下拉菜单中添加标题：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>下拉菜单</h2>
  <p>.dropdown-header 类用于在下拉菜单中添加标题：</p>

  <div class="dropdown">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">
      下拉菜单按钮
    </button>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      <li><h5 class="dropdown-header">标题 1</h5></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 1</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 2</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 3</a></li>
      <li><h5 class="dropdown-header">标题 2</h5></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 4</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

下拉菜单中的可用项与禁用项

.active 类会让下拉菜单的选项高亮显示 (添加蓝色背景)。

如果要禁用下拉菜单的选项，可以使用.disabled 类。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>下拉菜单</h2>
  <p>.active 类会让下拉菜单的选项高亮显示 (添加蓝色背景)。</p>
  <p>如果要禁用下拉菜单的选项，可以使用.disabled 类。</p>
  
  <div class="dropdown">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">
      下拉菜单
    </button>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">常规项</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item active" href="#">激活项</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item disabled" href="#">禁用项</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

下拉菜单的定位

如果我们想让下拉菜单右对齐，可以在元素上的 .dropdown 类后添加 .dropend 或 .dropstart 类。

.dropend 是右对齐， .dropstart 是左对齐。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>下拉菜单</h2>
  <p>如果我们想让下拉菜单右对齐，可以在元素上的 .dropdown 类后添加 .dropend 类。</p>

  <div class="dropdown dropend">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">
      右边显示菜单
    </button>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">常规项</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item active" href="#">激活项</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item disabled" href="#">禁用项</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
	
  <p>如果我们想让下拉菜单左边对齐，可以在元素上的 .dropdown 类后添加 .dropstart 类，同时我们将整个下拉菜单向右浮动。</p>

  <div class="dropdown dropstart text-end">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">
      左边显示菜单
    </button>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">常规项</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item active" href="#">激活项</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item disabled" href="#">禁用项</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

下拉菜单弹出方向设置

下拉菜单弹出方向默认为向下，当然我们也可以设置不同的方向。

指定向右弹出的下拉菜单

如果你希望下拉菜单向右下方弹出，可以在 div 元素上添加 .dropdown-menu-end 类:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>下拉菜单</h2>
  <p>在 .dropdown-menu 类后面添加 .dropdown-menu-end 类，让下拉菜单向右下方弹出：</p>
                                    
  <div class="dropdown dropdown-menu-end">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">
      下拉菜单右下方弹出
    </button>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 1</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 2</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 3</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

指定向上弹出的上拉菜单

如果你希望上拉菜单向上弹出，可以在 div 元素上添加 "dropup" 类:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>下拉菜单</h2>
  <p> .dropup 类让下拉菜单向上弹出</p>
  <p>添加一些内容，用于测试向上弹出效果。</p> 
  <p>添加一些内容，用于测试向上弹出效果。</p>
  <div class="dropup">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">
      下拉菜单
    </button>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 1</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 2</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 3</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

指定向左边弹出的下拉菜单

如果你希望下拉菜单向上弹出，可以在 div 元素上添加 dropstart 类:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>下拉菜单</h2>
  <p> .dropstart 类让下拉菜单向上弹出</p>
  <div class="dropstart">
    添加一些内容，用于测试向左边弹出效果。<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">
    下拉菜单
    </button>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 1</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 2</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 3</a></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

下拉菜单设置文本

.dropdown-item-text 类可以设置下拉菜单中的文本项：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>下拉菜单</h2>
  <p>.dropdown-item-text 类可以设置下拉菜单中的文本项：</p>                                        

  <div class="dropdown">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">
      下拉菜单
    </button>
    <ul class="dropdown-menu">
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 1</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 2</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">链接 3</a></li>
      <li><a class="dropdown-item-text" href="#">文本链接</a></li>
      <li><span class="dropdown-item-text">仅仅是文本</span></li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

按钮组中设置下拉菜单

我们可以在按钮中添加下拉菜单：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>内嵌按钮组</h2>
  <p>内嵌按钮组创建下拉菜单:</p>
  <div class="btn-group">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Apple</button>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Samsung</button>
    <div class="btn-group">
      <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">Sony</button>
      <ul class="dropdown-menu">
        <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Tablet</a></li>
        <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Smartphone</a></li>
      </ul>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

垂直按钮组带下拉菜单：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container mt-3">
  <h2>垂直方向内嵌按钮组</h2>
  <p>垂直方向内嵌按钮组创建下拉菜单:</p>
  <div class="btn-group-vertical">
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Apple</button>
    <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Samsung</button>
    <div class="btn-group">
      <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary dropdown-toggle" data-bs-toggle="dropdown">Sony</button>
      <ul class="dropdown-menu">
        <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Tablet</a></li>
        <li><a class="dropdown-item" href="#">Smartphone</a></li>
      </ul>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>


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