Bootstrap5 弹出框

2023-06-28 15:45 更新

弹出框控件类似于提示框，它在鼠标点击到元素后显示，与提示框不同的是它可以显示更多的内容。

如何创建弹出框

通过向元素添加 data-bs-toggle="popover" 来来创建弹出框。

title 属性的内容为弹出框的标题，data-bs-content 属性显示了弹出框的文本内容：

<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="popover" title="弹出框标题" data-bs-content="弹出框内容">多次点我</button>

注意: 弹出框要写在 JavaScript 的初始化代码里。

以下实例可以在文档的任何地方使用弹出框：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>


<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>弹出框实例</h3>
  
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="popover" title="弹出框标题" data-bs-content="弹出框内容">
    多次点我
  </button>
</div>

<script>
var popoverTriggerList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('[data-bs-toggle="popover"]'))
var popoverList = popoverTriggerList.map(function (popoverTriggerEl) {
  return new bootstrap.Popover(popoverTriggerEl)
})
</script>

</body>
</html>

指定弹出框的位置

默认情况下弹出框显示在元素右侧。

可以使用 data-bs-placement 属性来设定弹出框显示的方向: top, bottom, left 或 right:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>指定弹出框的位置</h3>
  
  <a href="#" title="标题" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-placement="top" data-bs-content="我是内容部分">点我</a>
  <a href="#" title="标题" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-placement="bottom" data-bs-content="我是内容部分">点我</a>
  <a href="#" title="标题" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-placement="left" data-bs-content="我是内容部分">点我</a>
  <a href="#" title="标题" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-placement="right" data-bs-content="我是内容部分">点我</a>
</div>

<script>
var popoverTriggerList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('[data-bs-toggle="popover"]'))
var popoverList = popoverTriggerList.map(function (popoverTriggerEl) {
  return new bootstrap.Popover(popoverTriggerEl)
})
</script>

</body>
</html>

关闭弹出框

默认情况下，弹出框在再次点击指定元素后就会关闭，你可以使用 data-bs-trigger="focus" 属性来设置在鼠标点击元素外部区域来关闭弹出框：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>取消弹出框</h3>
  
  <a href="#" title="取消弹出框" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-trigger="focus" data-bs-content="点击文档的其他地方关闭我">点我</a>
</div>

<script>
var popoverTriggerList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('[data-bs-toggle="popover"]'))
var popoverList = popoverTriggerList.map(function (popoverTriggerEl) {
  return new bootstrap.Popover(popoverTriggerEl)
})
</script>

</body>
</html>

提示:如果你想实现在鼠标移动到元素上显示，移除后消失的效果，可以使用 data-bs-trigger 属性，并设置值为 "hover":

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>弹出框实例</h3>
  
  <a href="#" title="标题" data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-trigger="hover" data-bs-content="一些内容">鼠标移动到我这</a>
</div>

<script>
var popoverTriggerList = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('[data-bs-toggle="popover"]'))
var popoverList = popoverTriggerList.map(function (popoverTriggerEl) {
  return new bootstrap.Popover(popoverTriggerEl)
})
</script>

</body>
</html>

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