iOS的函数响应型编程
iOS的函数响应型编程
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添加FunctionalReactivePixels

2018-08-01 16:17 更新

当我们弄好了一个简单的画廊之后，就会想要在画廊中查看高清图片了。当用户点击画廊中的某一个单元格时，我们创建一个新的视图控制器并将其推入到导航堆栈中。

- (void)collectionView:(UICollectionView *)collectionView
    didSelectItemAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{
    FRPFullSizePhotoViewController * viewController = [[FRPFullSizePhotoViewController alloc] initWithPhotoModels:self.photosArray currentPhotoIndex:indexPath.item];

    viewController.delegate = self;
    [self.navigationController pushViewController:viewController animated:YES];

}

这个方法没有任何特殊的，只是些一般的OC方法。当然别忘了在当前实现文件里加载视图控制器(FRPFullSizePhotoViewControler)的头文件.现在让我们来创建这个视图控制器(FRPFullSizePhotoViewControler).

创建一个UIViewController的子类FRPFullSizePhotoViewControler,这不会是一个特别的‘Reactive’的视图控制器，实际上大部分只是UIPageViewController子视图控制器的模版。

@class FRPFullSizePhotoViewController;

@protocol FRPFullSizePhotoViewControllerDelegate <NSOject>
- (void)userDidScroll:(FRPFullSizePhotoViewController *)viewController toPhotoAtIndex:(NSInteger)index;

@end

@interface FRPFullSizePhotoViewController : UIViewController

- (instancetype)initWithPhotoModels:(NSArray *)photoModelArray currentPhotoIndex:(NSInteger)photoIndex;

@property (nonatomic , readonly) NSArray *photoModelArray;
@property (nonatomic, weak) id<FRPFullSizePhotoViewControllerDelegate> delegate;

@end

回到画廊视图控制器实现必要的代理方法：

- (void)userDidScroll:(FRPFullSizePhotoViewController *)viewController toPhotoAtIndex:(NSInteger)index{
    [self.collectionView scrollToItemAtIndexPath:[NSIndexPath indexPathForItem:index inSection:0]
                atScrollPosition:UICollectionViewScrollPositionCenteredVertically
                        animated:NO];
}

当我们滑到一个新的图像去查看其高清图片时，这个方法将更新collectionView滑动的位置。这样一来，当用户查看完高清图回到这个界面的时候，高清图所对应的缩略图将会显示在界面上，方便用户获知自己浏览的位置以及继续往下浏览。

#import这些必要的数据模型的头文件并追加一下两个私有属性：

@interface FRPFullSizePhotoViewController () <UIPageViewControllerDataSource, UIPageViewControllerDelegate>
//Private assignment
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray *photoModeArray;
//Private properties
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIPageViewController *pageViewController;
@end

photoModelArray是共有的只读属性，但是内部可读写。第二个属性是我们的子视图控制器。我们这样来初始化：

- (instancetype)initWithPhotoModels:(NSArray *)photoModelArray currentPhotoIndex:(NSInteger)photoIndex{
    self = [self init];
    if (!self) return nil;

    //Initialized, read-only properties
    self.photoModelArray = photoModelArray;

    //Configure self
    self.title = [self.photoModelArray[photoIndex] photoName];

    //ViewControllers
    self.pageViewController = [UIPageViewController alloc]
                                    initWithTransitionStyle:UIPageViewControlerTransitionStyleScroll
                                    navigationOrientation:UIPageViewControllerNavigationOrientationHorizontal
                                    options:@{ UIPageViewControllerInterPageSpacingKey: @(30)};
    self.pageViewController.dataSource = self;
    self.pageViewController.delegate = self;
    [self addchildViewController:self.pageViewController];

    [self.pageViewController setViewController:@[[self photoViewControllerForIndex:photoIndex]]
                            direction:UIPageViewControllerNavigationDirectionForward
                            animated:NO completion:nil ];

    return self;
}

赋值属性、设置标题、配置我们的pageViewController，一切都非常无聊，我们的viewDidLoad方法也同样简单。

- (void)viewDidLoad{
    [super viewDidLoad];

    self.view,backGroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];

    self.pageViewController.view.frame = self.view.bounds;

    [self.view addSubView:self.pageViewController.view];
}

我要指出的是，简便起见，在我的应用里我禁用了横向展示，因为这不是一本关于autoresizingMask或者autoLayout的书。你可以通过Eria Sadun的书了解更多关于autoLayout方面的细节。

下面我们来了解一下UIPageViewController的数据源协议和代理协议。

- (void)pageViewController:(UIPageViewController *)pageViewController
    didFinishAnimating: (BOOL)finished
    previousViewControllers:(NSArray *)previousViewControllers
    transitionCompleted:(BOOL)completed{
        self.title = [[self.pageViewController.viewControllers.firstObject photoModel] photoName];
        [self.delegate userDidScroll:self toPhotoAtIndex:[self.pageViewController.viewControllers.firstObject photoIndex]];
    }

- (UIViewController *)pageViewController:(UIPageViewController *)pageViewController viewControllerBeforeViewController:(FRPPhotoViewController *)viewController{
    return [self photoViewControllerForIndex:viewController.photoIndex - 1];
}

- (UIViewController *)pageViewController:(UIPageViewController *)pageViewController viewControllerAfterViewController:(FRPPhotoViewController *)viewController {
    return [self photoViewControllerForIndex:viewController.photoIndex + 1];
}

虽然这些方法没有技术上的reactive，却体现出一定意义上的实用性。我很佩服这种在特殊类型的视图控制器上的抽像，干得漂亮，Apple！

我们的视图控制器创建方法，类似下面这样：

- (FRPPhotoViewController *)photoViewControllerForIndex:(NSInteger)index{
    if (index >= 0 && index < self.photoModelArray.count){
        FRPPhotoModel *photoModel = self.photoModelArray[index];

        FRPPhotoViewController *photoViewController = [[FRPPhotoViewController alloc] initWithPhotoModel:photoModel index:index];

        return photoViewController;
    }

    //Index was out of bounds, return nil
    return nil;
 }

它基本上创建比配置了一个我们将要使用的UIViewController的子视图控制器FRPPhotoViewController。下面是他的头文件：

@class FRPPhotoModel;

@interface FRPPhotoViewController : UIViewController
- (instancetype)initWithPhotoModel:(FRPPhotoModel *)photoModel index:(NSInteger)photoIndex;

@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSInteger photoIndex;
@property (nonatomic, readonly) FRPPhotoModel * photoModel;

@end

这个视图控制器非常简单：显示一个photoModel下的高清图片，并提示photoImporter(单例对象)下载这个图片。它是如此简单，我现在就告诉你它的全部实现。

//Model
#import "FRPPhotoModel.h"

//Utilities
#import "FRPPhotoImporter.h"
#import <SVProgressHUD.h>

@interface FRPPhotoViewController ()
//Private assignment
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger photoIndex;
@property (nonatomic, strong) FRPPhotoModel *photoModel;

//Private properties
@property (nonatomic, weak) UIImageView * imageView;

@end

@implementation FRPPhotoViewController

- (instancetype)initWithPhotoModel:(FRPPhotoModel *)photoModel index:(NSInteger)photoIndex{
    self = [self init];
    if (!self) return nil;

    self.photoModel = photoModel;
    self.photoIndex = photoIndex;

    return self;
}

- (void)viewDidLoad{
    [super viewDidLoad];

    //Configure self's view
    self.view.backGroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];

    //Configure subViews
    UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];

    RAC(imageView, image) = [RACObserve(self.photoModel, fullsizeData) map:^id (id value){
                                        return [UIImage imageWithData:value];
                                    }];

    imageView.contentMode = UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFit;
    [self.view addSubView:imageView];
    self.imageView = imageView;
}

- (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated{
    [super viewWillAppear:animated];
    [SVProgressHUD show];

    //Fetch data
    [[FRPPhotoImporter fetchPhotoDetails:self.photoModel]
            subscribeError:^(NSError *error){
                [SVProgressHUD showErrorWithStatus:@"Error"];
            }
            completed:^{
                [SVProgressHUD dismiss];
            }];
}

@end

就像我们的collectionViewCell中那样，我们将UIImageView的image属性和数据模型的某个属性映射后的值绑定，所不同的是ViewController不需要考虑复用，所以我们不必计较怎么取消imageView的订阅---当imageView对象解除分配的时候，订阅将会被取消。

这个实现里面另一个有趣的部分在viewWillAppear:里：

[SVProgressHUD show];
//Fetch data
[[FRPPhotoImporter fetchPhotoDetails:self.photoModel]
        subscribeError:^(NSError * error){
            [SVProgressHUD showErrorWithStatus:@"Error"];
        }
        completed:^{
            [SVProgressHUD dismiss];
        }];

没有收到错误或者完成信息之前，我们必须给用户展示网络请求的状态。你看，500px的受欢迎的照片的API接口只返回了一个照片的大概信息，但我们需要这个照片更详细的信息，所以我们必须调用第二个API接口来获取每一个照片的详细信息（包括全尺寸照片的URL）。

+ (NSURLRequest *)photoURLRequest:(FRPPhotoModel *)photoModel{
    return [AppDelegate.apiHelper urlRequestForPhotoID:photoModel.identifier.integerValue];
}

我们还没有实现fetchPhotoDetails:方法，所以现在我们回到FRPPhotoImporter中，在头文件中定义这个方法，在实现文件中实现它。

+ (RACReplaySubject *)fetchPhotoDetails:(FRPPhotoModel *)photoModel {
    RACReplaySubject * subject = [RACReplaySubject subject];
    NSURLRequest *request = [self photoURLRequest:photoModel];

    [NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request
        queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]
        completionHandler:^ (NSURLResponse *response, NSData * data, NSError *connectionError){
            if(data){
                id results = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:0 error:nil][ @"photo" ];

                [self configurePhotoModel:photoModel withDictionary:results];
                [self downloadFullsizedImageForPhotoModel:photoModel];

                [subject sendNext:photoModel];
                [subject sendCompleted];
            }
            else{
                [subject sendError:connectionError];
            }
        }];

    return subject;
}

这种方法跟前面我们看到的importPhotos方法模式一样，我们的downloadFullsizedImageForPhotoModel:方法跟downloadThumbnailForPhotoModel:方法也是一样的。除了这两者之外，还有什么重要的抽象方法呢？让我们来完成我们的缩略图方法。

+ (void)downloadThumbnailForPhotoModel:(FRPPhotoModel *)photoModel {
    [self download:photoModel.thumbnailURL withCompletion:^(NSData *data){
        photoModel.thumbnailData = data;
    }];
}

+ (void)downloadFullsizedImageForPhotoModel:(FRPPhotoModel *)photoModel {
    [self download:photoModel.fullsizedURL withCompletion:^(NSData * data){
        photoModel.fullsizedData = data;
    }];
}

+ (void)downloadFullsizedImageForPhotoModel:(FRPPhotoModel *)photoModel {
    [self download:photoModel.fullsizedURL withCompletion:^(NSData *data){
        photoModel.fullsizedData = data;
    }];
}

+ (void)download:(NSString *)urlString withCompletion:(void(^)(NSData * data))completion{
    NSAssert(urlString, @"URL must not be nil" );

    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlString]];
    [NSURLConnnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSData *data, NSError *connectionError){
        if (completion){
            completion(data);
        }
    }];
}

我曾经与这样一位客户工作过，他认为如果你某行一样的代码重复写两次，这代码就应该得到某种程度的抽象。虽然我认为这有点偏激，但我喜欢这种态度。

好了。我们现在可以运行这个应用，点击一个图片去查看它的高清图片。我们也可以向前或者向后滑动来查看前一个或后一个高清图片。非常棒！

fullsize_gallerypictures


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