display

display

The display CSS property specifies the type of rendering box used for an element. In HTML, default display property values are taken from behaviors described in the HTML specifications or from the browser/user default stylesheet. The default value in XML is inline.

In addition to the many different display box types, the value none lets you turn off the display of an element; when you use none, all descendant elements also have their display turned off. The document is rendered as though the element doesn't exist in the document tree.

/* <display-outside> values */
display: block;
display: inline;
display: run-in;

/* <display-inside> values */
display: flow;
display: flow-root;
display: table;
display: flex;
display: grid;
display: ruby;
display: subgrid;

/* <display-outside> plus <display-inside> values */
display: block flow;
display: inline table;
display: flex run-in;

/* <display-listitem> values */
display: list-item;
display: list-item block;
display: list-item inline;
display: list-item flow;
display: list-item flow-root;
display: list-item block flow;
display: list-item block flow-root;
display: flow list-item block;

/* <display-internal> values */
display: table-row-group;
display: table-header-group;
display: table-footer-group;
display: table-row;
display: table-cell;
display: table-column-group;
display: table-column;
display: table-caption;
display: ruby-base;
display: ruby-text;
display: ruby-base-container;
display: ruby-text-container;

/* <display-box> values */
display: contents;
display: none;

/* <display-legacy> values */
display: inline-block;
display: inline-list-item;
display: inline-table;
display: inline-flex;
display: inline-grid;

/* Global values */
display: inherit;
display: initial;
display: unset;
Initial value inline
Applies to all elements
Inherited no
Media all
Computed value as the specified value, except for positioned and floating elements and the root element. In both cases the computed value may be a keyword other than the one specified.
Animation type discrete
Canonical order the unique non-ambiguous order defined by the formal grammar

Syntax

The display property is specified using keyword values. Keyword values are grouped into six categories:

Currently it's best to specify display using a single keyword: although the latest specifications allow you to combine some keywords, this is not yet well supported by browsers.

Values

<display-outside>
These keywords specify the element’s outer display type, which is essentially its role in flow layout. They are defined as follows:
Value Description
block The element generates a block element box.
inline The element generates one or more inline element boxes.
run-in The element generates a run-in box. Run-in elements act like inlines or blocks, depending on the surrounding elements. That is:
  • If the run-in box contains a block box, same as block.
  • If a block box follows the run-in box, the run-in box becomes the first inline box of the block box.
  • If an inline box follows, the run-in box becomes a block box.
<display-inside>
These keywords specify the element’s inner display type, which defines the type of formatting context that lays out its contents (assuming it is a non-replaced element). They are defined as follows:
Value Description
flow The element lays out its contents using flow layout (block-and-inline layout).

If its outer display type is inline or run-in, and it is participating in a block or inline formatting context, then it generates an inline box. Otherwise it generates a block container box.

Depending on the value of other properties (such as position, float, or overflow) and whether it is itself participating in a block or inline formatting context, it either establishes a new block formatting context for its contents or integrates its contents into its parent formatting context.

flow-root The element generates a block element box that establishes a new block formatting context.
table These elements behave like <table> HTML elements. It defines a block-level box.
flex The element behaves like a block element and lays out its content according to the flexbox model.
-webkit-flex Alias for flex.
-moz-box / -webkit-box The element behaves like a flexible box according to an outdated Flexbox specification.
grid The element behaves like a block element and lays out its content according to the grid model.
subgrid If the parent element has display:grid, the element itself and its content are laid out according to the grid model.
ruby The element behaves like an inline element and lays out its content according to the ruby formatting model. It behaves like the corresponding <ruby> HTML elements.
<display-listitem>

The element generates a block box for the content and a separate list-item inline box.

If no <display-inside> value is specified, the principal box’s inner display type defaults to flow. If no <display-outside> value is specified, the principal box’s outer display type defaults to block.

<display-internal>

Some layout models, such as table and ruby, have a complex internal structure, with several different roles that their children and descendants can fill. This section defines those "internal" display values, which only have meaning within that particular layout mode.

Unless otherwise specified, both the inner display type and the outer display type of elements using these display values are set to the given keyword.

Value Description
table-row-group These elements behave like <tbody> HTML elements
table-header-group These elements behave like <thead> HTML elements.
table-footer-group These elements behave like <tfoot> HTML elements.
table-row These elements behave like <tr> HTML elements.
table-cell These elements behave like <td> HTML elements.
table-column-group These elements behave like <colgroup> HTML elements.
table-column These elements behave like <col> HTML elements.
table-caption These elements behave like <caption> HTML elements.
ruby-base These elements behave like <rb> elements.
ruby-text These elements behave like <rt> elements.
ruby-base-container These elements behave like <rbc> elements generated as anonymous boxes.
ruby-text-container These elements behave like <rtc> elements.
<display-box>
These values define whether an element generates display boxes at all.
Value Description
contents These elements don't produce a specific box by themselves. They are replaced by their pseudo-box and their child boxes.
none

Turns off the display of an element (it has no effect on layout); all descendant elements also have their display turned off. The document is rendered as though the element did not exist.

To render an element box's dimensions, yet have its contents be invisible, see the visibility property.

<display-legacy>
CSS 2 used a single-keyword syntax for the display property, requiring separate keywords for block-level and inline-level variants of the same layout mode. They are defined as follows:
Value Description
inline-block

The element generates a block element box that will be flowed with surrounding content as if it were a single inline box (behaving much like a replaced element would)

It is equivalent to inline flow-root.

inline-list-item This value makes the element a list item, with the effects described above. Additionally, the outside value of list-style-position computes to inside on this element. Otherwise, this display value is treated identically to inline.
inline-table

The inline-table value does not have a direct mapping in HTML. It behaves like a <table> HTML element, but as an inline box, rather than a block-level box. Inside the table box is a block-level context.

It is equivalent to inline table.

inline-flex

The element behaves like an inline element and lays out its content according to the flexbox model.

It is equivalent to inline flex.

-webkit-inline-flex Alias for inline-flex.
-moz-inline-box / -webkit-inline-box The element behaves like a inline flexible box according to an outdated Flexbox specification.
inline-grid The element behaves like an inline element and lays out its content according to the grid model.

Formal syntax

[ <display-outside> || <display-inside> ] | <display-listitem> | <display-internal> | <display-box> | <display-legacy>

where
<display-outside> = block | inline | run-in
<display-inside> = flow | flow-root | table | flex | grid | subgrid | ruby
<display-listitem> = list-item && <display-outside>? && [ flow | flow-root ]?
<display-internal> = table-row-group | table-header-group | table-footer-group | table-row | table-cell | table-column-group | table-column | table-caption | ruby-base | ruby-text | ruby-base-container | ruby-text-container
<display-box> = contents | none
<display-legacy> = inline-block | inline-list-item | inline-table | inline-flex | inline-grid

Examples

Hide element

HTML content

<p>Visible text</p>
<p class="secret">Invisible text</p>

CSS content

p.secret {
  display: none;
}

Result

View Live Examples

Specifications

Specification Status Comment
CSS Lists and Counters Module Level 3
The definition of 'display' in that specification.
Working Draft Added the inline-list-item values.
CSS Display Module Level 3
The definition of 'display' in that specification.
Working Draft Added the run-in and contents values.
CSS Ruby Layout Module Level 1
The definition of 'display' in that specification.
Working Draft Added the ruby, ruby-base, ruby-text, ruby-base-container, and ruby-text-container
CSS Grid Layout
The definition of 'display' in that specification.
Candidate Recommendation Added the grid box model values.
CSS Flexible Box Layout Module
The definition of 'display' in that specification.
Candidate Recommendation Added the flexible box model values.
CSS Level 2 (Revision 1)
The definition of 'display' in that specification.
Recommendation Added the table model values and inline-block.
CSS Level 1
The definition of 'display' in that specification.
Recommendation Initial definition. Basic values: none, block, inline, and list-item.

Browser compatibility

Feature Chrome Edge Firefox (Gecko) Internet Explorer Opera Safari (WebKit)
none, inline and block 1.0 (Yes) 1.0 (1.7 or earlier) 4.0 7.0 1.0 (85)
inline-block 1.0 (Yes) 3.0 (1.9) 5.5[4] 7.0 1.0 (85)
list-item 1.0 (Yes) 1.0 (1.7 or earlier) 6.0 7.0 1.0 (85)
inline-list-item No support No support No support[6] No support No support No support
run-in 1.0 [5] (Yes) No support 8.0 7.0 1.0 (85)[5]
4.0 Removed in 32 5.0 (532.5) Removed in 8.0
inline-table 1.0 (Yes) 3.0 (1.9) 8.0 7.0 1.0 (85)
table, table-cell, table-column, table-column-group, table-header-group, table-row-group, table-footer-group, table-row, and table-caption 1.0 (Yes) 1.0 (1.7 or earlier) 8.0 7.0 1.0 (85)
flex 21.0-webkit (Yes) 18.0 (18.0)[1]
20.0 (20.0)
11 12.50 6.1-webkit
inline-flex 21.0-webkit (Yes) 18.0 (18.0)[1]
20.0 (20.0)
11 12.50 6.1-webkit
grid 57 (Yes)-ms 45.0 (45.0)[7] 10.0-ms 44 TP
inline-grid 57 (Yes)-ms 45.0 (45.0)[7] 10.0-ms 44 TP
subgrid ? No support ? No support ? ?
ruby, ruby-base, ruby-text, ruby-base-container, ruby-text-container ? (Yes) 34.0 (34.0)[3] ? ? ?
contents No support No support 37 (37)[2] No support No support No support
-webkit-box (Yes) ? 45.0 (45.0) No support (Yes) ?
-webkit-inline-box (Yes) ? 48.0 (48.0) No support (Yes) ?
-webkit-flex, -webkit-inline-flex (Yes) ? 48.0 (48.0) No support (Yes) ?
flow-root ? ? 53.0 (53.0) ? ? ?
Feature Android Webview Chrome for Android Edge Firefox Mobile (Gecko) IE Phone Opera Mobile Safari Mobile
Basic support (Yes) (Yes) (Yes) ? ? (Yes) 7.0-webkit
grid 57 57 ? ? ? 44 ?
inline-grid 57 57 ? ? ? 44 ?

[1] To activate flexbox support, for Firefox 18 and 19, the user has to change the about:config preference "layout.css.flexbox.enabled" to true. Multi-line flexbox are supported since Firefox 28.

[2] Before Firefox 37, the contents value was disabled by default, and could be enabled by setting the layout.css.display-contents.enabled pref to true. In Firefox 37, it was enabled by default, and in Firefox 53 the pref was removed altogether.

[3] CSS Ruby support is behind pref "layout.css.ruby.enabled". The user has to change this pref to true to activate this.

[4] Natural inline elements only.

[5] Not before inline-elements.

[6] See bug 1105868.

[7] CSS Grid support is unprefixed in Nightly/Alpha builds and behind pref "layout.css.grid.enabled" in Beta/release builds.

See also

© 2005–2017 Mozilla Developer Network and individual contributors.
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License v2.5 or later.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/display

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