animation-fill-mode
animation-fill-mode
This is an experimental technology
Because this technology's specification has not stabilized, check the compatibility table for usage in various browsers. Also note that the syntax and behavior of an experimental technology is subject to change in future versions of browsers as the specification changes.
The animation-fill-mode
CSS property specifies how a CSS animation should apply styles to its target before and after it is executing.
Initial value | none |
---|---|
Applies to | all elements, ::before and ::after pseudo-elements
|
Inherited | no |
Media | visual |
Computed value | as specified |
Animation type | discrete |
Canonical order | the unique non-ambiguous order defined by the formal grammar |
Syntax
animation-fill-mode: none; animation-fill-mode: forwards; animation-fill-mode: backwards; animation-fill-mode: both; /* Several values may be given, separated by commas. */ /* Each applies for each animation in animation-name. */ animation-fill-mode: none, backwards; animation-fill-mode: both, forwards, none;
Values
none
- The animation will not apply any styles to the target when it's not executing; it will instead be displayed using its state based on all other CSS rules applied to it.
forwards
- The target will retain the computed values set by the last keyframe encountered during execution. The last keyframe encountered depends on the value of
animation-direction
andanimation-iteration-count
:animation-direction
animation-iteration-count
last keyframe encountered normal
even or odd 100%
orto
reverse
even or odd 0%
orfrom
alternate
even 0%
orfrom
alternate
odd 100%
orto
alternate-reverse
even 100%
orto
alternate-reverse
odd 0%
orfrom
backwards
- The animation will apply the values defined in the first relevant keyframe as soon as it is applied to the target, and retain this during the
animation-delay
period. The first relevant keyframe depends on the value ofanimation-direction
:animation-direction
first relevant keyframe normal
oralternate
0%
orfrom
reverse
oralternate-reverse
100%
orto
both
- The animation will follow the rules for both forwards and backwards, thus extending the animation properties in both directions.
Note: When you specify multiple comma-separated values on an animation-*
property, they will be assigned to the animations specified in the animation-name
property in different ways depending on how many there are. For more information, read Setting multiple animation property values.
Formal syntax
<single-animation-fill-mode>#where
<single-animation-fill-mode> = none | forwards | backwards | both
Example
You can see the effect of animation-fill-mode
in the following example. It demonstrates how, for an animation that runs for an infinite time, you can cause it to remain in its final state rather than reverting to the original state (which is the default).
HTML content
<p>Move your mouse over the grey box</p> <div class="demo"> <div class="grows">This just grows</div> <div class="growsandstays">This grows and stays big</div> </div>
CSS content
.demo { border-top: 100px solid #ccc; height: 300px; font-family: sans-serif; } @keyframes grow { 0% { font-size: 0 } 100% { font-size: 40px } } @-webkit-keyframes grow { 0% { font-size: 0 } 100% { font-size: 40px } } .demo:hover .grows { animation-name: grow; animation-duration: 3s; -webkit-animation-name: grow; -webkit-animation-duration: 3s; } .demo:hover .growsandstays { animation-name: grow; animation-duration: 3s; animation-fill-mode: forwards; -webkit-animation-name: grow; -webkit-animation-duration: 3s; -webkit-animation-fill-mode: forwards; }
Specifications
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
CSS Animations The definition of 'animation-fill-mode' in that specification. | Working Draft | Initial definition |
Browser compatibility
Feature | Chrome | Edge | Firefox (Gecko) | Internet Explorer | Opera | Safari (WebKit) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic support |
(Yes)-webkit 43.0 |
(Yes)-webkit (Yes) |
5.0 (5.0)-moz 16.0 (16.0)[1] | 10 | 12-o 12.10 | 4.0-webkit |
Feature | Android | Chrome | Edge | Firefox Mobile (Gecko) | IE Phone | Opera Mobile | Safari Mobile | Chrome for Android |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic support | ? | ? |
(Yes)-webkit (Yes) | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
[1] In addition to the unprefixed support, Gecko 44.0 (Firefox 44.0 / Thunderbird 44.0 / SeaMonkey 2.41) added support for a -webkit
prefixed version of the property for web compatibility reasons behind the preference layout.css.prefixes.webkit
, defaulting to false
. Since Gecko 49.0 (Firefox 49.0 / Thunderbird 49.0 / SeaMonkey 2.46) the preference defaults to true
.
See also
© 2005–2017 Mozilla Developer Network and individual contributors.
Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License v2.5 or later.
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/animation-fill-mode